基于车门结构的多目标优化设计方法研究

Study of multi-objective optimization design based on the vehicle door structure

为了同时考虑车门结构多响应的最优性和响应对可控因子波动的稳健性问题,文中基于车门的1阶频率、侧向刚度、垂直刚度、侧面碰撞多种工况,提出了一种多目标优化设计方法。通过对整车碰撞模型的简化,提高设计效率,采用拉丁超立方试验设计和响应面方法得出各响应的近似数学模型,并在此基础上构建包括最优性和稳健性在内的总体多目标优化模型,最后利用遗传算法对其进行求解。最终优化结果在车门质量不增加的情况下,各个响应的最优性和车门结构整体稳健性都有提高,达到了预期优化效果。

In order to consider these issues that both the optimality of the vehicle door structure multi-response and the robustness of the response to the controllable factors fluctuation, a multiobjective optimization design method is introduced in this thesis based on the vehicle door multiple working conditions that the first order mode frequency, lateral stiffness, vertical stiffness and the side impact. The entire car′ s collision model is simplified to improve the design efficiency. The approximate mathematical model for each response is derived by Latin Hypercube experimental design and response surface method（RSE）, and on this basis, the model of the overall multidisciplinary optimization is built including optimization and robustness. At last, the overall multi-objective optimization is solved with the genetic algorithms. According to the optimization result, the optimality of each response and the soundness of entire vehicle door structure are improved while the vehicle door weight isn′t increased, achieving the desired optimization effects.