微风M上面级多次变轨分析

Analysis on the Multiple Orbit Transfer of Breeze M Upper Stage

国外上面级常采用多次变轨形式进行高轨卫星发射,以微风M上面级为典型代表。从发射场纬度、重力损失影响及入轨精度等多个角度分析微风M上面级地球同步转移轨道(GTO)入轨采用多次变轨策略的原因,通过仿真比较了异面机动多次变轨与单次变轨的优劣,并给出了理论解释,最后提出对中国上面级研制与发展的启示。

Foreign upper stages often perform multiple orbit transfer to deliver high earth orbit satellites into the target orbit. The Breeze M is a typical one. In this paper, reasons for Breeze M injecting into GTO through multiple orbits transfer are analyzed in terms of launch pad＇s geodetic latitude, gravity loss effects and injection precision, etc. Furthermore, the advantages and disadvantages of non planar maneuver multiple transfers and single transfer are compared, which will be followed by theoretical explanation. In the end, several suggestions for Chinese upper stage development are put forward.