婴幼儿眼底渗出样改变489例临床分析

Clinical Analysis of ＆quot;Exudative Change＆quot; of Ocular Fundus in Infants

【目的】回顾性分析广域数字化眼底成像系统（RetCam Ⅱ）检查所发现的眼底“渗出样改变”。【方法】12186例婴幼儿散瞳后表麻下采用RetCam Ⅱ进行双眼全面眼底照相检查，筛查出“渗出样改变”眼底，对病例进行计数并求百分比。【结果】①发现眼底“渗出样改变”共489例，占总人数的4．01％，以点状渗出最多。②从眼部病变看，早产儿视网膜病变（ROP）202例（41．31％）、家族性渗出性玻璃体视网膜病变12例（2．45％）、Coats病8例（1．64％）、Norrie病2例（0．40％）。从患儿原有基础疾病看，巨细胞病毒（CMV）感染176例（36．00％），新生儿窒息10例（2．04％），贫血8例（1．64％），败血症8例（1．64％）。其他63例（12．88％）。【结论】“渗出样改变”不仅可发生在眼部疾病，亦可发生在全身系统疾病患儿，而婴幼儿检查不合作，RetCam Ⅱ检查是最佳选择，以免遗漏周边网膜病变。

Objective To retrospectively analyze ＂exudative change＂of ocular fundus examined by RetCam II .[Methods] The overall fundus photography with RetCam II after mydriasis under superficial anesthesia were performed in 12186 infants for screening out fundus ＂exudative change＂.Cases were counted for obtaining the percentage .[Results] Fundus ＂exudative change＂of 489 patients（4 .01% ） were found .The punctiform effusion was the most common .In eye diseases ,there were 202 retinopathy of prematurity （ROP）（41 .31% ） ,12 familial exuda-tive vitreoretinopathy （2 .45% ） ,8 Coats disease（1 .64% ） and 2 Norrie disease（0 .40% ） .In original diseases ,there were 176 cytomegalovirus infection（36 .00% ） ,10 neonatal asphyxia（2 .04% ） ,8 anemia（1 .64% ） ,8 septicemia （1 .64% ） and 63 other diseases（12 .88% ） .[Conclusion]＂Exudative change＂ not only occurs in eye diseases ,but also occurs in children with systemic diseases .Because infants do not cooperate the examination ,RetCam II is the best choice in order to avoid the missing of peripheral retinopathy .