不同灌水处理对立体种植模式下作物水分利用效率及产量的影响

Effects of Irrigation Treatments on Water Use Efficiency and Yield in the Three-dimensional Planting Mode

对比研究了不同灌水处理下立体种植模式和单作模式下各作物水分利用效率及产量的变化。结果表明,立体种植模式下,向日葵水分利用效率均低于单作的50%,而小麦、玉米通过适当的水分调控可使其水分利用效率达到甚至超过其单作模式下的50%,且小麦/玉米立体种植模式下作物需水量显著高于小麦/向日葵立体种植模式。立体种植模式下,灌水总量偏少时,小麦产量较高,玉米产量偏低且随灌水总量增加而明显升高,但不同水分处理对向日葵产量的影响无明显规律。小麦/向日葵立体种植模式下,WS-4处理为当地最适宜灌水模式。

The changes of crop water use efficiencies and yields in the three-dimensional planting mode and monoculture mode were studied comparatively under different irrigation treatments. The results showed that water use efficiency of sunflower in the three-dimensional planting mode was lower than 50% water use efficiency of sunflower in the monoculture mode. Furthermore, crop water demand of wheat-maize intercropping was significantly higher than that of wheat-sunflower intercropping. In the three-dimensional planting mode, the less irrigation amount, the higher wheat yield was higher while maize yield was lower and increased significantly with the increase of irrigation amount. The different water treatments had no significant effect on yield of sunflower in the three-dimensional planting mode. Finally, the optimum irrigation schedule was WS- 4 treatment of wheat-sunflower intercropping in the local area.