宁夏引黄灌区膜下滴灌春玉米需水规律试验研究

Water Requirement Characteristics of Spring Corn under Mulched Drip Irrigation in the Yellow River Irrigation Region of Ningxia

为探讨适宜膜下滴灌的灌溉模式,通过设立不同灌水下限,分析膜下滴灌条件下玉米的需水规律。结果表明,玉米苗期耗水量较大,抽穗期耗水量达到全生育期的第二峰值,是玉米的耗水高峰期,灌浆期耗水量开始下降,成熟期后期急剧下降。苗期、拔节期、抽穗期、灌浆期、成熟期灌水下限为土壤田间持水率的65%、75%、80%、85%、65%时,需水量最大,为518mm,产量最高,为12 538kg/hm2,水分利用效率为2.42kg/m3,保水增产效果最佳,为当地同等气候条件下的最优灌溉制度。

In order to explore the suitable irrigation patterns of mulched drip irrigation for corn, water consumption regulations of corn under mulched drip irrigation in the Yellow River irrigation region of Ningxia were analyzed through the experiments with different low limits of soil water content. The results showed that water consumption at seedling stage was larger than those in other stages, and the largest daily water consumption appeared in the heading stage. After heading stage, the daily water consumption was gradually decreasing, and dramatically dropped at later maturity stage. The highest yield was 12 538 kg/hm2 , the top water consumption was 518 mm, and water use efficiency was 2.42 kg/m^3 with soil moisture lower limits of 65%FC, 75%FC, 80%FC, 85%FC, 65%FC at seedling stage, jointing stage, heading stage, elongation stage and maturity stage, respectively, which was the optimal irrigation scheduling for the spring corn under mulched drip irrigation in the Yellow River irrigation region of Ningxia.