分期灌溉与施肥耦合对砂质潮土地作物产量和水分利用效率的影响

Effects of Stage Irrigation and Fertilizer Coupling on Crop Yield and Water Utilization in Sandy land

为了提高砂质潮土水肥利用率，在通许县开展了分期灌溉与施肥耦合的试验研究。结果表明，分期灌溉和施肥能够显著提高小麦、玉米产量。与对照相比，各处理小麦产量增产2．10％-24．67％，其中l200m＾3／hm＾2灌水量分次灌溉比一次灌溉提高3．02％-7．55％，以灌水量1500m＾3／hm＾2分2次灌溉增产效果最好。l200m＾3／hm＾2灌水量分次灌溉的灌溉水水分利用效率比一次灌溉提高0．15-0．38kg／m＾3。小麦-玉米复合产量比对照提高4．40％-24．50％，以750＋750m＾3／hm＾2灌水处理增产效果最好，其中l200m＾3灌水量分次灌溉下产量比一次灌溉提高2．58％-7．89％，小麦-玉米全年水分利用效率提高0．9-l.65kg／（mm·hm＾2）。因此，砂质潮土区以灌水2次、每次灌水量600m＾3／hm＾2为宜。

In order to improve water and fertilizer use efficiencies in sandy land, the experiments of stage irrigation and fertilizer coupling were carried out in Tongxu county of Henan province. The results showed that the coupling of stage irrigation and fertilization could significantly improve the yields of wheat and corn compared to the control, and the yield of wheat increased by 2. 10%-24.67%. When irrigation amount was 1 200 m^3/hm^2 , the yield under stage irrigation increased by 3.02%-7. 55% than that under irrigation once. The best improving effect of wheat yield appeared with irrigation amount of 1 500 m^3/hm^2 and irrigating twice. Irrigation water utilization efficiency under stage irrigation was improved by 0.15-0.38 kg/m^3 than that under irrigation once when irrigation amount was 1 200 m^3/hm^2. The composite yield of wheat and corn increased by 4.40%-24.50%, and the improving effect of yield appeared in the treatment of 750＋750 m^3/hm^2. When irrigation amount was 1 200 m^3/hm^2 , the yield under stage irrigation increased by 2.58%-7.89% than that under irrigation once, and water use efficiency of wheat-corn increased by 0.9-1.65 kg/（mm·hm^2）. Therefore, 600＋600 m^3/hm^2 is the best irrigation mode in sandy land.