深圳居民甲型H1N1流感抗体水平影响因素的研究

Study on the factors affecting the levels of antibodies against the pandemic 2009 influenza A (H1N1) virus among residents in Shenzhen

目的 通过检测深圳居民血清中甲型H1N1流感抗体水平,了解相关的影响因素,为有效预防和控制甲型H1N1流感疫情提供有效科学依据. 方法 随机选取480位深圳居民作为观察对象,采用血凝抑制方法进行甲型H1N1流感抗体水平检测.并进行问卷调查,用SPSS16.0软件对血清抗体水平与不同流行病学指标之间进行相关因素分析. 结果 通过研究发现,年龄和甲流疫苗接种史与血清中甲型H1N1流感抗体水平显著性相关.6～15岁人群与已接种甲流疫苗人群血清中的甲型H1N1流感抗体阳性率显著性高于其它人群,阳性率分别是34.1％和48.1％.所有调查对象中,甲型H1N1流感疫苗接种率较低,仅为11.25％,6～15岁人群的疫苗接种率最高,为41.76％. 结论 青少年为甲型H1N1流感高危人群,加强对该人群的免疫接种,可对甲型H1N1流感的疫情控制起到显著成效.

Objective To investigate the seroprevalence of antibodies against the pandemic 2009 influenza A （H1N1） virus [A （H1N1）pdm09] among residents in Shenzhen and to identify the related influencing factors so as to provide scientific evidence for effective prevention and control of the disease.Methods We randomly selected 480 residents in Shenzhen in 2010 to serve as the survey subjects,and their levels of antibodies against the pandemic 2009 influenza A （H1N1） virus were tested by haemagglutination inhibition assays.Self-reported vaccination histories and socio-demographic information were also collected by questionnaires.SPSS16.0 software was used to analyze the association between seroprevalence and social-demographic factors.Results Age and vaccine exposure were significantly correlated with the seroprevalence of antibodies against the pandemic 2009 influenza A （H1N1） virus.The seropositive rate for A （H1N1） pdm09 antibodies was significantly higher in teenagers aged between 6 and 15 years （34.1％） and people previously vaccinated with pandemic vaccine （48.1％） than in other people.Among the subjects investigated,the total rate of vaccination for H1N1 was low （only 11.25％）,while that of age group 6-15 years was high （41.76％）.Conclusions Children and teenagers are at high risk of catching H1N1 influenza infection,and hence,reinforcing the vaccination among them would be significantly effective to control the epidemic of the disease.