纽约州支持电动汽车发展的政策举措及其启示

New York' Policies and Initiatives on Developing Electric Vehicles

纽约州将电动汽车产业发展作为打造创新经济的先行产业,自2011年以来,推出了一系列系统性的政策举措,包括加强与加快可再生能源特别是太阳能的发展,资助先进储能技术,支持建设纳米级锂硫电池材料制造中心,启动"充电纽约"、"卡车券计划"和纽约绿色银行计划等,使纽约州的电动汽车产业发展和推广在美国处于领先水平。总结纽约州支持发展电动汽车的经验,得出4点启示:一是顶层设计,系统筹划,善于利用与开发本地优势;二是政府组织设立示范项目,引导企业参与投入;三是普适与专项激励政策并举;四是发展目标法律化与阶段化相结合。

Since 2011, New York State has launched a series of systematic initiatives to build electric vehicle industry as the leading industry of NYS’s innovation economy. These initiatives include strengthening and speeding up the development of renewable energy, especially solar energy, funding advanced energy storage technologies, establishing nanoscale lithium-sulfur battery manufacture complex, and launching the Charge NY Program, Truck Voucher Incentive Program, New York Green Bank Initiative and so on. Now, the development of NYS’s electric vehicle industry has taken a lead in the United States. The paper gives four insights with respect to the development of NYS’s electric vehicles as follows： First, top-down design, systematic planning, and making good use of local advantages; Second, government set up demonstration projects and guided enterprises to participate and invest in them; Third, making universal and special incentives simultaneously; Fourth, legislation guaranteed the development goal and made it phased.