新生小鼠海马神经元培养及形态学观察的优化方法

Culturing primary hippocampal neurons of neonatal mouse and morphologic observation

目的：探讨一种更加优化的体外培养海马神经元及进行形态学观察的方法，为阿尔茨海默病（A D ）神经突触的研究奠定基础。方法选择新出生后0～1 d的C57BL/6J小鼠，断头取双侧海马，采用低浓度胰酶消化加机械分离的方法，使用无血清培养基进行神经元原代培养，培养17 d后利用磷酸钙共沉淀法进行绿色荧光蛋白（GFP ）的转染，于荧光显微镜下观察海马神经元和树突棘形态特征。结果采用此方法进行的海马神经元原代细胞培养，神经元生长良好，转染GFP后可以看到清晰的轴突/树突和树突棘突等典型的神经细胞结构特征。结论此技术方法所培养的海马神经元生长良好，磷酸钙共沉淀法转染GFP后能够更加清晰地观察到神经元及树突棘的形态特征。

Objective To discuss a optimal culture method of primary hippocampal neurons and a more suitable method of mor-phological observation ,and provide basis to the study of synapse in Alzheimer′s Disease .Methods Postnatal 0 -1 days （P0 -1 ） C57BL/6J mice were decollated and bilateral hippocampus were separated .Low level concentration of trypsin and mechanical disso-ciation were adopted .And culture medium without serum was used to culture neurons .After 17 days culturing ,transfected neurons with Green Fluorescent Protein（GFP） by calcium phosphate precipitation ,and then observed neurons and spines by fluorescence mi-croscope .Results The neurons looked good and healthy by using this method .And the axons ,dendrites and spines which were typ-ical structure of neurons were observed clearly after transfected with GFP .Conclusion The cultured hippocampal neurons look good by this method .And the morphological characteristics of neurons and spines are observed much more clearly after transfected GFP by calcium phosphate precipitation .