《黄帝内经》中的解剖学姿势和方位术语

The anatomic terminology of posture and position in Huangdi Neijing

《黄帝内经》是中国现存最早的中医理论典籍,是历代中医学术发生发展的根源和基础。该书在描述人体的病因、病机、诊断、治疗时,不可避免地涉及到大量的人体解剖结构,因此就自然而然地需要采用一套公认的解剖学姿势和方位术语来进行规范,以方便统一认识和传承交流。这些概念和术语在使用原则上与现代解剖学是基本一致的,因此明确地了解这些概念和术语对于正确理解相关条文的经义是至关重要的。通过对《内经》原文涉及的解剖学姿势和上下、左右、前后、内外、阴阳,以及三阴三阳等方位术语的初步整理,为正确解读《黄帝内经》中与人体解剖结构有关的条文提供线索,为进一步深入理解和探索条文提供解剖学支持。

Huangdi Neijing, known as the earliest classic work on TCM, laid a foundation of Chinese medical academy. The medical theories in the book are the origin and fundament classic of basic theories for TCM. Orthopedics and Traumatology of TCM is an important subject of academy of TCM and its basic theories were originated from Huangdi Neijing. The number of bones is a fundamental anatomical concept for Orthopedics and Traumatology. The viewpoint of number of bones in Huangdi Neijing had affected almost all the following related theories of TCM. By reviewing the related describing in Huangdi Neijing, this article analyzed and discussed the significance and influence of the viewpoint on number of bones in it.