正畸就诊患者中颞下颌关节结构异常的类型分析

Analysis of temporomandibular joint structural abnormalities in orthodontic patients

目的：颞下颌关节问题在口腔正畸治疗中日益受到重视,本研究针对正畸就诊患者中颞下颌关节结构常见的问题进行系统分析,为颞下颌关节结构异常患者正畸方案的制订提供参考。方法：随机选取近2年在我科就诊的正畸患者255例作为受试对象,其中男80例,女175例,年龄10~45岁。常规拍摄X线片及双侧颞下颌关节开闭口位磁共振片,并对关节结构进行观察。采用SPSS 17.0软件包对结果进行统计学分析。结果：255例患者中,颞下颌关节结构异常176例,占69.02%。80例男性患者中,关节结构异常48例,占60.00%;175例女性患者中,关节结构异常128例,占73.14%,显著多于男性患者。结论：颞下颌关节结构异常在正畸就诊人群中的比例很高,约占2/3,但大部分患者没有临床症状,是一种潜在的风险,女性患者显著多于男性。

PURPOSE： Temporomandibular joint（TMJ） problems are becoming more and more important in orthodontic patients. This study analyzed TMJ problems in orthodontic patients in order to provide reference for treating orthodontic patients with TMJ problems. METHODS： Two hundred and fifty five orthodontic patients were randomly selected in our department during the recent 2 years, including 80 males and 175 females, aged from 10 to 45 years old. X-ray film and MRI on TMJ of both sides at bite and open position were used to analyze TMJ problems. The results were analyzed with SPSS 17.0 software package. RESULTS： Of all 255 patients, 176 had TMJ problems, accounting for 69.02%. Of all 80 male patients, 48 had TMJ problems, accounting for 60.00%. Of all 175 female patients, 128 had TMJ problems, accounting for 73.14%, significantly higher than the male patients. CONCLUSION： The results showed that nearly two third of orthodontic patients have TMJ problems. Most patients have no obvious clinical symptom but at a potential risk for orthodontic treatment. Females are more susceptible to TMJ problems.