腹腔干分支变异及研究进展

Variation and research progress of celiac trunk branch

腹腔干是一短而粗的动脉干，约于第一腰椎高度发自腹主动脉前壁。继则分为3支，即胃左动脉、肝动脉及脾动脉，分别供给腹腔上部脏器（胃、肝、脾、胰及十二指肠等）。然而以上3支的起点变化较多，国内外学者根据自己的见解，将腹腔动脉的分支列为若干类型，并相互补充。本文从腹腔干的分支变异类型、分型发展及其意义3方面进行探讨，以期为临床提供参考。作者根据胃左动脉、脾动脉和肝动脉的起源对变异类型进行分类，主要分为肝胃脾干型、肝脾干型、肝胃干型及胃脾干型，其他包括肝脾肠系膜干型、肝胃脾肠系膜干型、肝胃脾结肠干型、肝胃脾胰干型、胃脾干加肝肠系膜干型、肝胃脾肝左干型、肝胃脾胰十二指肠干型和肝胃干加肝脾干型等。从Lipshutz、Adachi、Michels分型及张年甲分型等介绍腹腔干变异分型的发展。

Celiac trunk is a wide and short ventral branch. It originates from the anterior abdominal artery at the level of L1 vertebra, and divides into three branches： the left gastric, common hepatic and splenic arteries, supplying the upper abdominal organs such as stomach, liver, spleen, pancreas, and duodenum. However, there are many types of branches variations. The branches of celiac trunk are classified into several types. We establish a classification of variation type according to the origin of left gastric, common hepatic and splenic arteries, which includes hepatogastrosplenic trunk type, hepatosplenic trunk type, hepatogastric trunk type, gastrosplenic trunk type, and the others include hepatosplenomesentery trunk type, hepatogastrospleno-mesentery trunk type, hepatogastrosplenocolonic trunk type, hepatogastrosplenopancreatic trunk type , gastrospenic trunk plus hepatomesentery trunk type, hepatogastrospl enoic leftliver trunk type, hepatogastro-splenopancreatoduodenal trunk type, hepatogastric trunk plus hepatosplenic trunk type. Development of celiac trunk variation type was introduced based on the classification of Lipshutz, Adachi, Michels and Zhang Nianjia. Mastering the types of branches variations is necessary for us to perform the upper abdominal operations safely and effectively.