哈尔滨城区杂草群落多样性及其分类体系

Diversity and classification system of weed community in Harbin City,China

对哈尔滨城区杂草群落多样性进行研究,构建了杂草群落分类体系,分析异质化生境下杂草群落类型多样性的形成原因及其适应对策.结果表明:研究区共有杂草38科128属175种,城市生境异质化以及杂草时间尺度上的生态位分化导致杂草群落类型的多样化;高比例的单优势种及一年生生活型是杂草群落对高强度人为干扰和不稳定的城市生境的响应;将植物与生境相结合,建立四级分类系统,将1763个杂草群落划分为2个生活型类型、5个休眠型类型、22个群落组、119个优势种群落.

To analyze the causes of weed community diversity and their strategies of adaption to the high heterogeneity of urban habitats, weed communities in the central urban area of Harbin, China were studied, and a classification system was established for the weed communities. There were 175 weed species, belonging to 128 genera and 38 families. The heterogeneous urban habitats and spe- cies＇ temporal niche differentiation resulted in the highly diversified weed communities. The high proportions of mono-species dominance and annual species dominance communities were their re- sponse to the unstable urban habitats under human disturbances with high intensities and frequen- cies. A four-level classification system was established in terms of plant species and habitat condi- tions. Within this system, the identified 1763 weed communities could be categorized into two types of life form, 5 types of dormancy form, 22 community groups, and 119 dominance communities.