转基因抗虫植物-植食性昆虫-天敌间化学通讯的研究进展

Research progress in chemical communication among insect-resistant genetically modified plants,insect pests and natural enemies

植物或昆虫释放的化学信息物质在植物-植食性昆虫-天敌三级营养层信息通讯中发挥重要作用.这种生物间的信息交流形成信息网,调节生物种内和种间行为,支撑和维持植物和昆虫群落的组成和结构.转基因抗虫植物的应用可能会影响三级营养层间的化学信息通讯,进而干扰生物群落结构和农田生态系统稳定性.该方面已在全球范围内引起了转基因抗虫作物环境安全研究者的关注.本文对植物-植食性昆虫-天敌间化学信息通讯进行了简要概括;分析和归纳了转基因抗虫作物的种植对植物和节肢动物间化学通讯的潜在影响及相关机制;讨论了该领域当前的研究进展和未来研究前景.以期促进我国科学家在该领域的研究,加深对转基因抗虫作物群落结构动态潜在影响的理解.

Semiochemicals released by plants or insects play an important role in the communication among plants, phytophagous insects and their natural enemies. They thus form a chemical informa- tion network which regulates intra- and inter-specific behaviors and sustains the composition and structure of plant and insect communities. The application of insect-resistant genetically modified （IRGM） crops may affect the chemical communication within and among the tritrophic levels, and thus cause disturbances to the biotic community structure and the stability of the farmland ecosys- tem. This has raised concerns about the environmental safety of IRGM crops and triggered research worldwide. In the current article we provided a brief summary of the chemical communication among plants, herbivores and natural enemies; analyzed the potential of IRGM crops to affect the chemical communication between plants and arthropods and the related mechanisms; and discussed the current research progress and the future prospects in this field. We hope that this will promote the research in this field by Chinese scientists and increase our understanding of the potential effects of growing of IRGM crops on the arthropod community structure.