农户对气候变化的感知与适应研究综述

Review on farmer's climate change perception and adaptation

气候变化是21世纪人类面临的最严峻挑战之一,加剧了许多国家和地区的脆弱性,人类如何适应气候变化已成为当前全社会普遍关注的话题.气候变化对以自然资源为生计基础的农业人口的影响尤为显著,更好地理解农户对气候变化的适应机制和适应过程对于制定有效的适应政策非常重要.公众感知作为理解人文响应行动的基础,已为探明农户对气候变化的适应机制和适应过程提供了一个新视角.本文基于国内外农户对气候变化的感知和适应的理论研究和实践进展,在分析气候变化对农户生计的影响、系统总结农户面临的主要适应障碍的基础上,梳理了农户的气候变化感知与适应的关系,阐释了农户适应气候变化过程中的关键认知要素,介绍了农户对气候变化的感知与适应关系分析框架,提出了农户对气候变化的感知与适应关系研究中应关注的关键问题.

As the most serious challenge that the humankind is facing, climate change has been strengthened vulnerability in many countries and regions, and bow to scientifically adapt to climate change has become the global issue of common concern to the international community today. The impact of climate change on farming people depending on the nature resource is especially remarka- ble, and understanding farmers＇ adaptation mechanism and process is very important to effectively make the adaptation policy. As the basis of understanding the human response action, public per- ception has provided a new perspective to verify the farmers＇ adaptation mechanism and process about climate change. Based on the recent theoretical and empirical developments of farmers＇ per- ception and adaptation, the impact of climate change on the farmers＇ livelihood was analyzed, and the main adaptation obstacles which the farmers faced in response to climate change were summa- rized systematically. Then, we analyzed the relationship between the farmers＇ climate change per- ception and adaptation, illuminated the key cognitive elements in the process of the farmers＇ cli- mate change adaptation and introduced the framework to analyze the relationship between the far- mers＇ climate change perception and adaptation. At last, this review put forward the key questions which should be considered in study on the relationship between the farmers＇ climate change per- ception and adaptation.