拱殖嗜渣螨各发育阶段的体表形态观察

Observations on the external morphology of different developmental stages of Chortoglyphus arcuatus( Sarcoptiformes: Chotoglyphidae)

【目的】观察和认识拱殖嗜渣螨Chortoglyphus arcuatus不同发育阶段主要外部形态特征及超微结构。【方法】用啤酒酵母粉纯化饲养拱殖嗜渣螨,选取不同发育阶段个体清洁后,分别利用体视显微镜、光学显微镜以及扫描电子显微镜对螨体颜色、形态特征、局部特征以及超微结构进行观察。【结果】成螨颜色为鲜明的淡棕红色,其他发育阶段均为乳白色。躯体硬,卵圆形。无背横沟划分前足体和后半体。螯肢发达,螯钳剪状,有纵纹,具明显的齿。外顶毛有栉齿。颚体基部腹面有细横纹。体躯刚毛短,光滑。雌螨生殖孔位于Ⅲ和Ⅳ基节之间,覆有骨化的生殖板。生殖板后缘光滑、弓形。雄螨阳茎位于Ⅰ和Ⅱ基节之间,长且弯曲、管状。有肛吸盘,漏斗状。有跗节吸盘。【结论】本研究补充了拱殖嗜渣螨文献未记载的一些特征,如卵、幼螨和若螨体色,螯肢背面和颚体腹面刻纹等,有助于该螨及其近缘种的快速鉴定和分类研究。

【Aim】 To observe and understand the main morphological characteristics and ultrastructure of different developmental stages of Chortoglyphus arcuatus. 【Methods】 Pure experimental population of C. arcuatus was fed with brewer’s yeast powder. Then, morphological characteristics of the mites at different developmental stages were observed in detail under the stereomicroscope, optical microscope and scanning electron microscope, respectively. 【Results】 Body color is bright pale red brown in adult stage, while milky white in other developmental stages. The idiosoma is firm with oval outline. The dorsal transverse groove is absent between the propodosoma and the hysterosoma. The chelicera is well developed with shears-shaped chela bearing distinct tooth and striae. The basal region of venter of gnathosoma has fine transverse striae. External vertical setae are clearly pectinate. All the body setae are short and smooth. The genital opening of the female is covered by paired and sclerotized genital plates between coxae Ⅲ and Ⅳ, of which posterior margins are smooth and bowlike curved. The penis of the male is long, curved and tube-liked, and located between coxaeⅠand Ⅱ. Anal suckers are funnel-shaped. Tarsal suckers are present. 【Conclusion】 Some characteristics or features, such as body color at egg, larval and nymphal stage, decoration on dorsal chelicerae and ventral gnathosoma, of C. arcuatus observed are the important additions to what described in early literatures and helpful for fast identification and taxonomic study of the mite and its relatives.