多层螺旋CT在早期中央型肺癌支气管黏液嵌塞的诊断价值

The Diagnostic Value of Multi-slice Spiral CT for Bronchial Mucoid Impaction in Early Central-type Carcinoma of Lung

目的探讨多层螺旋CT在早期中央型肺癌支气管黏液嵌塞征象中的临床应用价值。方法回顾性分析2010年3月-2013年10月具有支气管黏液嵌塞征象的早期中央型肺癌15例,运用多平面重组、最大密度投影及最小密度投影等后处理方法,着重观察肿瘤及支气管黏液嵌塞发生的部位、形态及增强表现。15例患者均经手术或活检病理证实。结果 15例患者中,鳞癌12例,腺癌3例;肿瘤位于右肺8例,左肺7例。CT平扫显示肿瘤密度均匀,增强后均呈持续性中度均匀强化。支气管黏液嵌塞者均见于肿瘤远端支气管,CT平扫呈低于软组织密度;继发支气管扩张者,呈条状9例,树枝状5例,囊实状1例,增强后支气管黏液嵌塞影均无明显强化。结论多层螺旋CT早期能清晰显示中央型肺癌肿块及支气管黏液嵌塞发生的部位、形态;增强扫描后更能将肿瘤灶及支气管内黏液嵌塞影显著区分,对早期中央型肺癌的诊断具有重要价值。

Objective To discuss the diagnostic value of multi-slice spiral CT for bronchial mucoid impaction in early central-type carcinoma of lung. Methods We used multi-planar reformat, maximum intensity projection and minimum intensity projection to observe the characteristics of 15 patients with bronchial mucoid impaction in early central-type carcinoma of lung treated between March 2010 and October 2013. The characteristics included location, shape and enhanced performance of the tumor and the bronchial mucoid impaction. All the cases were confirmed by operation or pathology. Results Among the 15 cases, 12 were squamous cell carcinoma and 3 adenocarcinoma; 8 occurred on the right and 7 on the left. All the tumors showed equal density and were enhanced moderately. Bronchial mucoid impaction showed low density, no enhancement, accompanied bronchiectasis and occurred in bronchi which were far from the tumor, and there were 9 cases of strip, 5 of fabrication, and 1 of nodositas or cystic carcinoma. Conclusions The location and shape of tumor and bronchial mucoid impaction are displayed clearly by multi-slice spiral CT and enhancement scanning can differentiate tumor from bronchial mucoid impaction. Multi-slice spiral CT has important diagnostic value in bronchial mucoid impaction of primary lung cancer in its early stage.