爆炸冲击波与高速破片对夹层结构的联合毁伤效应试验研究

Tests for combined damage effect of blast waves and high-velocity fragments on composite sandwich plates

为探讨爆炸冲击波和高速破片联合作用对夹层结构的毁伤机理,进行了钢-玻璃钢-钢夹层结构空中近爆模型试验,分析了结构变形破坏模式及冲击波与高速破片的联合毁伤机制。结果表明,爆炸冲击波和高速破片联合作用下,结构的毁伤程度远大于冲击波的单独作用。爆炸冲击波单独作用时,夹层结构前、后面板均产生褶皱变形,玻璃钢夹芯板则以大面积分层破坏和纤维层的脱落为主。而在爆炸冲击波和高速破片联合作用下,前面板以反向大变形和中部穿甲大破口为主,后面板以大变形和花瓣开裂为主,玻璃钢夹芯板则产生了较大的穿甲破口和分层破坏。爆炸冲击波能量主要通过前、后面板的塑性大变形和玻璃钢夹芯板的分层破坏吸收。高速破片的动能则主要通过前、后面板的剪切破坏、玻璃钢板的分层破坏和纤维层的拉伸断裂吸收。

In order to explore damage mechanisms of composite sandwich plates impacted by blast waves and highspeed fragments,tests were conducted on sandwich plates with core of steel-GFRP-steel. The structural deformation failure modes and combined damage mechanisms of blast waves with high-velocity fragments were analyzed. It was shown that the damage level of the sandwich plates subjected to combined impacts of blast waves and high-velocity fragments is much higher than that of the plates just subjected to blast waves; under blast loads only,the front and back faces of the sandwich plates were wrinkling,while the middle GFRP laminates are damaged with a large area delamination and fiber layers pull-off; however,under combined impact of blast waves and high-velocity fragments,a large reverse deformation and a central big crevasse occur on the front face of the plates while a large deformation and petals appear on the back face; meanwhile,the middle GFRP laminates are damaged with larger delamination and a big piercing hole in the central area; the blast wave energy is mainly absorbed through large plastic deformations of the front and back faces of the plates and delamination of the middle GFRP laminates,whereas the kinetic energy of high-velocity fragments is predominately dissipated through shearing failure of the front and back faces of the plates,the stretching failure of fiber layers and delamination of the middle GFRP laminates.