空泡外形对超空泡航行体机动回转运动影响

The influence of cavity shape on maneuvering rotational movement of supercavitating vehicle

提出超空泡航行体空泡流型概念,将航行体外形、空泡外形、航行体外形与空泡外形匹配统一用超空泡航行体空泡流型描述,用定量关系表达超空泡航行体流体动力特性;建立机动回转运动超空泡数学模型,推导回转运动超空泡外形表达式;研究超空泡航行体由直航运动过渡到稳态机动回转运动过程,给出该过程中超空泡外形变化规律;分析角速度、离心力对机动回转运动超空泡外形影响,揭示该两因素对超空泡外形变化影响程度;以空泡外形与航行体外形匹配为约束,对机动能力进行初步评估,通过仿真计算获得表征航行体机动能力的临界回转角速度。

The concept of supercavitating vehicle cavity pattern was introduced to describe in a unified way the vehicle shape,cavity shape,and their geometric matching. The hydrodynamic characteristics of supercavitating vehicle were expressed by quantitative parameters. The mathematical model of supercarity in maneuvering rotational movement was established,and the expression of supercavity shape in maneuvering rotational movement was deduced. The transition from rectilinear motion to steady maneuvering rotational movement of supercavitating vehicle was analysed and the variation of supercavity shape was presented. The influences of angular velocity and centrifugal force on supercavity shape in maneuvering rotational movement were discussed and the affection extent of these two factors were revealed. Taking the geometric matching between cavity shape and vehicle shape as a constrant a preliminary assessment of maneuvering capability was made,and the critical rotation angular velocity characterizing maneuvering capability was provided by unmerical simulation.