基于高分辨率数值模拟技术的近海波浪能资源评估

Assessment of China's Offshore Wave Energy Resources Based on the High-Resolution Numerical Simulation Technology

采用SWAN模型,对浙江中部近海海域进行了为期10 a的高分辨率波浪数值模拟,获得了年均波功率密度分布,同时讨论了波能在该海域的有效时长分布,通过对波功率密度的变异系数统计讨论了其稳定性,最后估算了该海域波浪能资源储量约为0.91×10～6kW。总体而言,在近海海域中,离岸较近的浅海海域波能资源较为贫乏,波功率密度大于2 kW/m的海域多分布于10 m等深线以外,其等值线与岸线趋于平行;离大陆较远的岛屿周边海域波能资源丰富,在初期波浪能开发利用阶段具有明显的优势;近岸海域波浪能有效时长约1 500 h,至鱼山列岛一线离岸较远海域约4 000 h;近海大部分海面波浪能变异系数约在2-3之间。

In this paper, the SWAN model is adopted to conduct a 10-year high-resolution wave numerical simulation for the sea area off the central region of the Zhejiang Province, thus obtaining the density distribution of annual mean wave power and discussing the significant interval distribution of wave energy in this sea area.The statistical stability of distribution is examined through the statistical analysis of the coefficient of variation（COV） of wave power. The potential wave energy reserves in this sea area are estimated to be around 0.91 ×10^6kW. In coastal waters, wave energy is deficient in shallow waters and wave power density is usually above 2 kW/m in waters deeper than 10 m, with its contour line parallel with the coastline. Wave energy is abundant around the islands far from the mainland, resulting in obvious advantages in the preliminary stage of wave power exploration. The significant interval of wave power is about 1 500 h in shallow waters and is approximately 4 000 h around the Yushan islands which are far from the mainland. The COV is about 2 to 3 in most offshore waters.