宁德市大黄鱼养殖饲料现状研究

Present research condition of Larimichthys crocea feed in Ningdeof Fujian province

以宁德市大黄鱼网箱养殖为调研对象,调查了大黄鱼配合饲料市场营销情况,并对12个大黄鱼养殖渔排1 747个网箱2013年养殖饲料使用情况进行统计,分析大黄鱼养殖饲料现状.结果显示,2013年福建省宁德市大黄鱼养殖配合饲料品牌43个,其中年销量1 000t以上有5个占16.3%,600-1 000t的有12个占27.9%,600t以下的有26个占55.8%;使用的饲料种类有冰鲜饲料、颗粒配合饲料和软颗粒饲料,分别占饲料总用量的83.41%、16.46%和0.14%;大黄鱼养殖网箱按30万个计,冰鲜饲料、颗粒配合饲料和软颗粒饲料年使用量分别为481.1kt、31.6kt和0.4kt,折算成冰鲜饲料后的年饲料总用量576.8kt;颗粒配合饲料使用量随水温升高而增加,在7-10月份养殖高温期（28.0℃以上）使用量出现峰值,而冰鲜饲料在5-6月份和11-12月份使用量最大,在7-10月份养殖高温期使用量出现下降拐点.结果表明,冰鲜饲料仍是大黄鱼养殖的主要饲料来源;颗粒配合饲料使用在养殖高温期占有优势;颗粒配合饲料呈现品牌多而杂的局面,各品牌品质参差不齐,尚无占绝对市场优势的品牌.

This paper is aimed to figure out the present condition of Larimichthys crocea feed in Ningde of Fujian Province.The marketing environment of Larimichthys crocea compound feed was investigated,and the application of breeding feed in the 1747 cages of 12 fishing rafts of Sansha Bay（Ningde Fujian,2013） was surveyed.The result showed that there are 43 Larimichthys crocea compound feed brands in eastern Fujian in 2013 year.5 brands（16.3% of all brands） sales more than1000 t feed per year,12 brands（27.9% of all brands） sales 600 -1000t feed per year,26 brands（55.8% of all brands） sales less than 600 t per year.The form of feed could be divided as ice fresh feed,granular compound feed and soft pellet feed,which occupied 83.41%,16.46% and 0.14% total amount of feed application respectively.The annual use of these feeds were 481.1kt,31.6kt and 0.4kt respectively if there are 300,000 cages,and it can be converted as 576.8 kt if ice fresh feed was used only.The amount of granular compound feed was increased as the water temperature increased,the highest amount of usage was appeared between July and October（temperature28℃）.However,the ice fresh feed was needed most between May and June and November and December,a downward trend was appeared between July and October.In a word,ice fresh feed is still the mainly feed source in Larimichthys crocea culture,while he granular compound feed dominated between July and October.There are plenty of various brands of granular compound feed,and the qualities of these brands vary greatly.There still lack a superiorly brand in this market.