重大灾害创伤后应激障碍的发生率及影响因素研究分析

Incidence and influencing factor analysis of PTSD after major disasters

目的:探讨重大灾害后应激障碍(PTSD)的发生率及其危险因素。方法:应用一般情况调查表、创伤后应激障碍筛查表、症状自评量表对重灾区的16名重性精神病患者(A组)、62名普通受灾群众(B组)以及轻灾区的普通受灾群众(C组)66人进行调查。结果:三组PTSD发生率分别为73.3%、16.1%和28.8%;A组被调查对象没有任何变量能够顺利进入回归模型中;B组被调查对象的PTSD相关因素只有"洪水当时感到害怕/无助/恐怖"一个变量;C组被调查对象有"目睹或接触了尸体"、"洪水当时感到害怕/无助/恐怖"二个相关因素。结论:PTSD的发生是多因素共同作用的结果;灾后关注重灾区的同时也要给予非重灾区以适当的关注、支持。

Objective：To investigate incidence and risk factors of posttraumatic stress disorder（PTSD） after major disasters.Methods：Sixteen severe psychiatric patients（group A）,sixty- two ordinary people（group B） in severely affected area and sixty- six ordinary people（group C） in lightly hit area were assessed for PTSD with a questionnaire about the general condition. The PTSD checklist- civilian version and symptoms checklist- 90 were also administered. Results： The incidencesof PTSD were 73. 3%,16. 1%and 28. 8%,respectively. There was no variable entering the Logistic regression model in group A; Logistic regressionindicated that the PTSD diagnosis was predicted by the feeling of fear /helplessness /phobia to the flood in group B and both the feeling of fear /helplessness /phobia to the flood and to see or touch the corpse in group C. Conclusions： These results suggest that the occurrence of PTSD in Chinais relevant to a group of factors. People in light hit area need the supports in all direction as the same as those in the severely affected area.