无机介孔材料在第三代电化学生物传感器中的应用研究

Application of inorganic mesoporous materials as the supports for proteins and enzymes in third-generation electrochemical biosensors

无机介孔材料是一种孔直径在2，50nm的多孔材料。这种材料具有结构规则,机械性能高、化学和热能稳定性好等特点。近年来,随着材料合成技术的提高,不断有新型高负载能力和生物相容性好的介孔材料被开发出来。同时,实验表明,无机介孔材料是固载生物大分子的良好载体。利用无机介孔材料固载氧化还原蛋白质并结合其的直接电子转移,为我们提供了一种新的构建第三代生物传感器的方法。基于无机介孔材料的特点及氧化还原蛋白质的直接电子转移,所构建的第三代电化学生物传感器有望具有较传统电化学传感器更好的性能。将介孔材料分为二氧化硅基和非二氧化硅基2大类,描述了无机介孔材料在第三代电化学生物传感器中的应用。

Inorganic mesoporous materials are porous inorganic materials with pores diameters between 2and 50 nm.The inorganic mesoporous materials are more attractive because of their regular structure,good mechanical,chemical and thermal stability.In recent years,inorganic mesoporous materials show great potential for use in biosensing because it provides a promising method to develop nanostructured materials that enable high loading and long-term stability of the biomolecules.In addition,the porosity and stability of the host was also advantageous to improve the performance of biosensor.Development of the third-generation biosensors based on the direct electron transfer of redox proteins in biosensing is significant,because it provides models for mechanism study of biological electron transport and enables to establish mediator-free（the third generation）biosensors and bioreactors.Taking advantage of characteristics of inorganic mesoporous materials,its application as the supports for proteins and enzymes in the third-generation electrochemical biosensors gives the new way to fabricate the biosensor and offers the chance to improve the performance of the biosensor.In this report,we classify the mesoporous host into two kinds by constituent,silica based and non-silica based.The recent work in the third generation biosensor area by inorganic mesoporous materials is reviewed.