20世纪20年代俄国侨民界对欧亚主义的批评

Russian Emigrants' Criticism against Eurasianism in 1920s

20世纪20年代,欧亚主义在其诞生的俄国侨民界引发了激烈的争论,各个流派都从各自立场出发对其展开批评。以别尔嘉耶夫为代表的宗教哲学家把欧亚主义视为根本无法实现的乌托邦,是感情化的、非理智的运动;以米留可夫和基泽韦捷尔为代表的自由主义者将其视为极端主义和俄国种族主义;以弗洛罗夫斯基为代表的斯拉夫主义者视其为斯拉夫主义失败的、倒退的继承者。各派都承认欧亚主义是一股强劲的思想潮流,他们在毫不留情地批评欧亚主义主张的同时,亦指出其富有积极意义的一面。这些反响从另一层面凸现了欧亚主义的特点。

Eurasianism has attracted heated debates within Russian emigrants in the 1920s. Many elites have taken part in the debates from their different standpoints. Religious philosophers, represented by Berdyaev, regard Eurasianism as utopia, kind of emotional and unreasonable movement. Liberalists, represented by Miliukoff, take it as extremism and Russian racialism. Slavophiles, represented by Florovsky, view it as unsuccessful and retrogressive successor of Slavism. All schools admit that Eurasianism is a strong thought with positive aspects while criticizing it. This has also reflected the features of Eurasianism from another aspect.