BMSCs/EPCs联合移植治疗兔股骨头坏死的实验研究

Transplantation of combined endothelial progenitor cells and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells for femoral head necrosis in rabbits

目的检测骨髓来源内皮祖细胞(endothelial progenitor cells,EPCs)与骨髓基质细胞(bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells,BMSCs)移植到股骨头缺血坏死部位促进坏死区局部成骨和成血管能力。方法使用密度梯度离心法分离培养兔BMSCs、EPCs并鉴定。共培养细胞进行碱性磷酸酶活性检测以确定EPCs与BMSCs最佳比例。培养的细胞分成3组植入兔股骨头坏死模型:A组(单独移植BMSCs)、B组(单独移植EPCs)、C组(最佳比例联合移植BMSCs与EPCs),于术后4周对兔股骨头坏死模型进行成骨及成血管指标检测。结果 EPCs与BMSCs的最佳共培养比例为1∶1。与A组及B组相比,C组有着更高的BMP-2蛋白表达和更多的新生血管形成(P<0.05)。组织学检测显示:A组可见类骨质结构;B组可见血管结构,但类骨质生成较少;C组可见类骨质结构,并且可见密集的血管结构。结论以1∶1比例联合移植EPCs和BMSCs到股骨头坏死部位具有很强的成骨以及成血管能力。

Objective To promote the osteogenesis and angiogenesis by transplanting endothelial progenitor cells （EPCs） and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells （BMSCs） into the femoral head necrotic zone. Methods BMSCs and EPCs, isolated from rabbit bone marrow by density gradient centrifugation were cultured. Their alkaline phosphatase （ALP） activity was assayed for the determination of their best ratio. The cultured BMSCs and EPCs that were transplanted into the rabbit model of necrotic femoral head were divided into BMSCs transplantation group （group A）, EPCs transplantation group （group B）, BMSCs and EPCs transplantation group （group C）. Osteogenesis and angiogenesis in the rabbit model of necrotic femoral head were observed at week 4 after operation. Results The best ratio of co-cultured EPCs and BMSCs was 1 ： 1. The BMP-2 protein expression level was higher and more new blood vessels were formed in group C than in group A and B （P 〈 0.05）. Histology showed bone-like tissue in group A, vascular structure in group B with less bone-like tissue, and vascular structure and bone-like tissue in group C. Conclusion Transplantation of EPCs and BMSCs into femoral head necrotic zone at the ratio of 1 ： 1 can effectively promote the osteogenesis and angiogenesis.