前列腺癌疫苗的研究进展

Advances in research of prostatic cancer vaccines

前列腺癌在世界范围内呈增长趋势,目前传统治疗遭遇瓶颈,如何进一步提高前列腺癌尤其去势抵抗性前列腺癌(castration-resistant prostate cancer,CRPC)疗效的同时降低治疗的不良反应,并通过调动自身特异性细胞免疫杀伤机制来治疗肿瘤的疫苗研究受到热切的关注。2010年前列腺癌疫苗sipuleu-T通过美国FDA批准进入临床,标志着肿瘤疫苗从基础和临床前研究正式进入临床治疗时代。前列腺癌具有合适的靶抗原,肿瘤负荷相对其他肿瘤小,发展缓慢,经过疫苗治疗后容易诱导机体的特异性免疫反应。这篇综述主要总结了前列腺癌疫苗相关基础和临床研究,并讨论其存在的主要问题和前景。

The prevalence of prostatic cancer increases worldwide in recent years, and its traditional therapies are faced with many difficulties. How to improve the curative effect of different therapies on prostatic cancer, especially castration-resistant prostate cancer （CRPC） by reducing their toxic and adverse effects and boosting the killing mechanism of specific cell immune system with tumor vaccines is highly concerned. The prostatic cancer vaccine, sipuleucel-T, approved by FDA in 2010, has been used in clinical practice, indicating that tumor vaccines have officially entered into the clinical treatment time from their basic and preclinical research. Prostatic cancer is characterized by its target antigen, low burden, slow growth, and can thus easily lead to specific immune reactions in prostatic cancer patients after vaccine treatment. Following is a review of the related preclinical and clinical researches on prostatic cancer vaccines, and their problems and prospects.