论马尔库塞以新感性走向审美生活

On Herbert Marcuse's Thought of the New Sensibility to Aesthetic Life

马尔库塞认为,肯定文化通过宣传虚假的美,使人们往往感觉不到受到压抑和处于不自由的境遇,反而有一种满足和幸福的感觉。这样,人就不可避免地成为丧失总体性、批判性的"单向度的人",失去了家园归属感和生活意义。因此,为了使人体验到真正的幸福,必须对这种现实进行变革,然而过去的暴力革命已经不可能,只有以"新感性"为基础,以审美、艺术为依托进行革命,才能发扬文化的否定意义,反抗理性的暴戾,建构新社会。

It is proposed by Marcuse that affirmative culture, by advocating false beauty, makes people feel satisfied and free from depression and restriction. In this way, people will inevitably lose their generality and become one-dimensional people. At last, they lose their sense of belonging and meaning of life. Therefore, the present condition must be reformed to make people experience real happiness. However, the reform cannot be accomplished by violent revolutions. On the contrary, it should be based on ＂new sensibility＂ and rely on aesthetic and art. Only in this way, can negative culture get promoted, rational violence get revolted, and a new society get constructed.