明代惠州府进士初探

The Preliminary Study on Presented Scholars(Jinshi)in Huizhou Fu in Ming Dynasty

明代惠州府进士44人,数量不多,在全国靠后。就地域分布而言,呈现出明显的差异性,归善、博罗并驾齐驱,占惠州府进士总量的68%以上;就时间分布而言,也显示出明显的阶段性,前期明显少于中后期。就惠州进士总量和结构而言,并没有优势可言,进而限制了其整体仕进成就。但是,庶吉士制度的实行,在一定程度上起了矫正补偿作用,从而使得惠州府进士仕进情况颇有可观之处。惠州府进士之所以较多,主要有民风淳朴、士风向学、学校众多、地方官绅的奖掖等几方面的原因。

There were 44 presented scholars in HuiZhou fu of Ming Dynasty. The number is not large and is at lower level in the country. As for its regional distribution, it presents obvious difference： the total number of presented scholars in GuiShan and BoLuo accouts for more than 68% in Huizhou fu.＇s total. The figure also presents obvious timing stage： The number in the early period is obviously smaller than that in the later period. In respect to the number and the structure of presented scholars in Huizhou fu of Ming Dynasty presented no advantages at all, which had influenced on their promotion in the officialdom. However, the implement of the system of ＂shu ji shi＂ acted as compensation and correction of its limited number to a certain extent, which makes it more possible for the presented scholars＇ promotion in then Huizhou officialdom. Several reasons account for the appearance of such phenomenon： the honesty and simplicity of the folk culture, people＇s ambition of diligence, large number of schools and local officials and gentries support and encouragement and so on.