太平洋战争中马来亚迅速沦陷的原因探析

Causes of the Rapid Fall of Malaya in the Pacific War

太平洋战争时期马来亚的迅速沦陷是由多重因素造成的。学界惯于从英国反动殖民统治、执行片面抗战路线等视角分析其沦陷原因,然而这些说法缺乏足够有说服力的证据支持。从战前、战时以及战后初期三个时间段考察马来亚战役的过程不难发现:有利于日本发动进攻的国际环境、一系列军事上的失误以及马来亚战役后期英国的战略权衡是造成马来亚沦陷的主要原因。

The rapid fall of Malaya in the Pacific War was caused by multiple factors. Owing to ideological reasons,scholars have been accustomed to analyzing the causes from the perspective of the reactionary nature of the British colonial rule and the implementation of the one- sided resistance policy. But these allegations lack sufficient convincing evidence. Exploration of the Malayan battle in the pre-,during- and post- battle stages reveal that the main causes of the fall of Malaya were the international environment conducive to Japanese attack,a series of military mistakes and the strategic trade- offs of Britain in the later Malayan campaign.