土壤矿质元素与当归药材质量的相关性分析

Correlation between mineral elements in soil and quality of Angelica sinensis

目的探讨产地土壤中的矿质元素与当归药材质量的相关性。方法测定12个产地的56批当归药材中5种指标成分、挥发油及醇浸出物含量,以及相应的产地土壤中15种矿质元素含量,采用Pearson相关分析、偏相关分析以及多元逐步回归分析进行研究。结果产地土壤中多种矿质元素与当归的相关质量指标存在显著(P<0.05)或极显著(P<0.01)的相关性;阿魏酸的主导因子是Mg、Na、Cr及Hg,正丁基苯酞的主导因子是K、Zn、Ni、Mn、Na、Pb、Cu及Sb,正丁烯基苯酞的主导因子是K、Zn、Ni、Na、Cd、Cr及Hg,Z-藁本内酯的主导因子是Fe、Ca、Zn、Ni、Mn、Pb及Cu,亚油酸的主导因子是Zn、Mn、As及Cu,挥发油的主导因子是Fe、K、Ca、Zn、Mn、Na、Pb、Cd、Cr、Cu、Sb及Hg,醇浸出物的主导因子是Fe、K、Mg、Ni、Mn、Pb、As、Cu及Sb。结论土壤矿质元素对当归药材质量的形成具有重要影响且影响较稳定,K、Zn、Ni、Mn、Pb、Cu、Hg、Fe、Sb、Cr及Na同时是多种当归质量指标的主导因子,在当归种植基地的选择及栽培过程中应选择性地加以考察。

Objective To investigate the correlation between mineral elements in soil and quality of Angelica sinensis. Methods The contents of five index chemical compositions, volatile oil, ethanol soluble extractive in fifty-six batches of Angelica sinensis from twelve habitats, and fifteen kinds of mineral elements in corresponding soil were determined. Pearson correlation analysis, partial correlation analysis and stepwise regression analysis were used. Results The results showed that there were significant（P〈0.05） or very significant correlation （P〈0.01） between many kinds of mineral elements in soil and quality constituents of Angelica sinensis. Mg, Na, Cr and Hg were the dominant factor of ferulic acid; K, Zn, Ni, Mn, Na, Pb, Cu and Sb were the dominant factor of 3-butylphthalide;K, Zn, Ni, Na, Cd, Cr and Hg were the dominant factors of Z-butylidenephthalide; Fe, Ca, Zn, Ni, Mn, Pb and Cu were the dominant factor of Z-ligustilide; Zn, Mn, As and Cu were the dominant factors of linolic acid; Fe, K, Ca, Zn, Mn, Na, Pb, Cd, Cr, Cu, Sb and Hg were the dominant factors of volatile oil; Fe, K, Mg, Ni, Mn, Pb, As, Cu and Sb were the dominant factors of ethanol soluble extractive. Conclusion Mineral elements in soil have an important and stable influence on the quality formation of Angelica sinensis. K, Zn, Ni, Mn, Pb, Cu, Hg, Fe, Sb, Cr and Na are the dominant factors of several quality constituents of Angelica sinensis at the same time, which should be selectively examined during planting base selection and cultivation.