基于C8051F040单片机的软启动器设计

Design of soft starter based on C8051F040 single chip microcomputer

针对煤矿井下刮板输送机和粉碎机因启动电流大而损害电动机、影响其他设备正常运行的问题,采用C8051F040单片机控制晶闸管通断的方案设计了一种软启动器,介绍了该软启动器的总体结构,软硬件设计方案,以及电压斜坡启动、限流启动、电压突跳+电压斜坡启动、电压突跳+限流启动4种启动方式;对该软启动器的硬件电路进行测试,测试波形正确,验证了电路设计的合理性;以限流启动方式对该软启动器进行测试,结果表明该软启动器能够有效降低三相异步电动机的启动电流。

For problem that large starting current of scraper conveyor and grinder used in coal mine underground could damage motors and influence normal operation of other devices, a soft starter was designed by use of C8051F040 single chip microcomputer to control thyristor on-off. The overall structure of the soft starter and design schemes of software and hardware circuits were introduced as well as four starting modes including voltage sloping starting, current-limiting starting, voltage stepping adding voltage sloping starting and voltage stepping adding current-limiting starting. The hardware circuits were tested with results of correct waveforms, which verified rationality of design of the circuits. Experimental test was carried out for the soft starter with current-limiting starting mode, whose result verified the soft starter could effectively decrease staring current of three phase asynchronous motor.