清末教育转型与毁学风潮

Education Tansformation in the Late Qing Dynasty and the Trend of Destroyed School

晚清时期,外国资本主义借助国家强力进入中国。与列强的不断冲突使清政府越来越感觉到新式人才的缺乏,发展新式教育逐步成为社会精英和国家的共识。戊戌变法和新政时期,国家的教育政策发生重要转变,由精英教育转变为国民教育。教育政策的转变客观上使国家成为国民教育的积极推动者和办学主体。作为办学主体的国家使用了抽收捐税等各种手段筹措教育经费,这些手段激起了民众的反抗。这可以看作是国家推动社会转型过程中的一种伴生现象。总的说来,晚清的教育转型还是比较成功的。

As Foreign Capitalism intruded with the aid of their state＇s strength into chinese society in the late Qing Dynasty,the Qing government more and more feel the lack of new talents.The development of modern education gradually became the consensus of social elite and the state.In the reform and the New Deal period,the state＇s education policy started to turn from elite education to national education in the peried of the Reform Movement of 1898 and the New Deal in the last decade.The transition of the education policy objectively made the country become the active promoter of national education and school principals.As the main body of running,the government used various means such as the extraction of tolls and so on to raise educational funds.These methods aroused the public＇s resistance.These incidents can be seen as an accompanying phenomenon in the process of social transformation that had been promoted by the state.In general,the education transformation of in Late Qing Dynasty was more successful.