以稻壳为载体的SBR对农村生活污水去除效能分析

Analysis of removal efficiency of SBR on rural sewage with rice husk as carrier

为实现高效、低耗处理农村生活污水,以农业废弃物稻壳为材料,对添加稻壳的序批式活性污泥法(SBR)反应器处理人工模拟农村生活污水的效能进行了分析,并研究了稻壳释放和吸附污染物特性。研究结果表明,以稻壳为载体的SBR对有机物和氨氮具有很好的去除效果,当进水有机物和氨氮平均浓度分别为530.77mg/L和35.32mg/L时,二者的去除率分别为90.46%和95.64%,并表现出良好的同步硝化-反硝化特性;短时间内稻壳对模拟废水有机物表现为释放特性,而对氨氮表现为吸附特性;比较而言,稻壳对实际生活污水中有机物则表现为释放和部分吸附特性,而对氨氮则表现为释放特性;长时间浸没试验结果表明,去离子水中浸没稻壳会引起有机物和氨氮浓度的升高。生物作用是以稻壳为载体的SBR对污染物去除的主要原因,稻壳的吸附作用很小。

Rice husk was used in the investigation of the efficiency of sequencing batch reactor （SBR） with rice husk processing rural domestic sewage waste water,and it’s the adsorption properties of rice husk were studied. The results showed that the removal efficiencies of SBR on organic matter and ammonia nitrogen were good. When the average concentration of influent organic matter and ammonia nitrogen were 530.77mg/L and 35.32mg/L,the removal rates were 90.46%and 95.64%,respectively, and showed a good property of simultaneous nitrification - denitrification. Within a short period of time,rice husk showed release property on organic matter in artificial waste,and adsorption property on ammonia nitrogen. In contrast,rice husk showed release property on organic matter in actual sewage and partial adsorption property,and release property on ammonia nitrogen. The results of immersion test for long time showed that rice husk immersed in deionized water would increase the concentration of organic matter and ammonia nitrogen;the adsorption of rice husk on organic matter was weak;biological action was the main reason of SBR on pollutant removal with rice husk as carrier;and the adsorption effect of rice husk was little.