《伤寒杂病论》五行生克治则治法探讨

Discussion of Therapeutic Principles of Five Elements in Shanghan Zabing Lun

张仲景按照五脏的五行归属,以及五脏之间相生相克的关系,根据《黄帝内经》"虚则补其子,实则泄其母"的原则,确立治则治法,如五行相生中肝木生心火,养肝血以济心,即培木生火法;脾土生肺金,脾健运以益肺,即培土生金法;肺金生肾水,滋肺阴以助肾水,即金水相生法;而五行相克中肾水克心火,肾阴上承制约心阳,若心火亢于上则需壮水制火法;肝木克脾土,肝之疏泄制约脾土壅滞,而肝疏泄过度制约脾之运化,急需达木扶土法;脾土克肾水,脾气健运以制约肾水泛滥,即培土制水法。其中不乏千古名方,其效如神,可供后世效仿。

According to the five elements ascription of viscera and the relationship between the five internal organs, Zhangzhongjing establishes the therapeutic principles based on Huangdi Neijing, such as wood-fire impairs metal in generation among five elements as well as strengthening earth to generate metal, mutual promotion between lung and kidney. Restriction among five elements includes replenishing the essence of the kidney treats the hyperactivity of the heart and strengthening earth to control water. There is no lack of famous complex prescription for later generations to follow.