叶黄素-中药合剂对热应激蛋鸡行为与生产性能的影响

Influence of Lutein-Traditional Chinese Medicine on Production Performance and Behavior of Laying Hens at High Environmental Temperature

试验研究不同水平的叶黄素-中药合剂对热应激蛋鸡生产性能的影响。将216只健康、体重相似的260日龄的罗曼蛋鸡,随机分为6组,每组3个重复,每个重复12只鸡。常温对照组和高温对照组饲喂基础日粮,而高温合剂Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组在基础日粮+0.2%中药合剂的基础上,分别添加60、120、180、240mg/kg叶黄素。常温对照组在常温鸡舍内饲养,高温对照组及高温合剂Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组在高温鸡舍内饲养;常温鸡舍的平均温度及相对湿度分别为26.24℃、67.29%,而高温鸡舍的平均温度、相对湿度分别为32.12℃、85.27%。试验期10周,其中预试期2周,正式期8周。结果表明,高温环境使罗曼蛋鸡的平均日采食量、平均蛋重、产蛋率分别下降了28.56%(P<0.01)、5.48%(P<0.01)、26.59%(P<0.01),料蛋比、破壳率和死淘率分别升高了3.18%(P<0.05)、0.97%(P<0.05)、0.25%(P<0.05)。叶黄素-中药合剂均提高了高温环境中蛋鸡的生产性能,其顺序为合剂Ⅲ组>合剂Ⅱ组>合剂Ⅰ组>合剂Ⅳ组,合剂Ⅲ组的蛋鸡采食量、平均蛋重、产蛋率较高温对照组分别提高了33.98%(P<0.01)、8.79%(P<0.01)、31.11%(P<0.01),而破壳率降低了0.74%(P<0.01)。合剂Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ在高温环境中的采食量、产蛋率均低于常温对照组,料蛋比、破壳率、死淘率均高于常温对照组。这说明叶黄素-中草药复方合剂能有效提高高温环境中蛋鸡的生产性能,但并不能完全消除给蛋鸡生产性能带来的不良影响,其中,以180mg/kg叶黄素+0.2%中草药复方合剂Ⅲ组效果最好。

The object of this study was to detect the influence of different levels of Lutein-Traditional Chinese medicine on production performance of laying hens at high environmental temperature. Two hundred and sixteen 260-day-old Lohmann laying hens with similar weight and health condition were randomly divided into 6 groups, 3 replicates each and 19, hens in each replicate. The normal temperature control group and high temperature control group was fed the basal diet; while the lutein-traditional Chinese medicine group was fed the basal diet with 0.2% herbal formula and 60,120,180,240 mg/kg lutein added, respectively. The normal temperature control group was fed in normal environment, while the high temperature control group and the lutein-traditional Chinese medicine group fed with 0.2 % herbal formula and 60, 120,180,240 mg/kg lutein added was in high environment; The average temperature and humidity of the normal environment was 26.24 ℃ ,67.29%, respectively, while the high environment 32.12 ℃ ,85.27%, respectively. The experimental period was 10 weeks, two weeks for the pre-trial stage and eight weeks for the official period. The results showd that the high temperature caused the average intake, the average egg weight and egg production to decrease by 8.56% （P〈0. 01）,5. 48% （P〈0.01） ,26.59% （P〈0.01） , respectively, while egg ratio, broken shell rates and mortality increased 3. 18%（P〈0. 05）,0. 97%（P〈 0.05） ,0.25%（P〈0.05）. Use of the Lutein-Traditional Chinese Medicine enhanced production performance effectively of laying hens in high environmental temperature with effect ordering to be mixture Ⅲ〉 mixture Ⅱ 〉 mixture Ⅰ 〉 mixture Ⅳ. The intake average egg weight and egg production of mixture Ⅲ group improved 3.98% （P〈0.01）, 8.79% （P〈0.01）, 31. 11% （P〈0.01）, respectively, while broken shell rates decreased 0. 74%（P〈0. 01）. The average intake, egg production of mixture I , II , I]I, IV in the high environment was lower than the normal temperature control group, while egg ratio, broken shell rates and mortality were higher. To summarize, lutein-traditional Chinese medicine can improve the production performance but cannot eliminate the bad effects to production of laying hens at high temperature environment. The basal diet with 0.9.% herbal formula and 180mg/kg lutein demonstrated the best effect.