自身免疫糖尿病患者谷氨酸脱羧酶抗体表位的研究

Study on the Relationship between Epitopes of Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase Antibody( GADA) and Autoimmune Diabetes

自身免疫糖尿病患者体内存在胰岛自身抗体,其中谷氨酸脱羧酶抗体(GADA)被广泛应用于自身免疫糖尿病的诊断及预测。GADA表位变化与自身免疫糖尿病的发生和发展密切相关,新诊断的1型糖尿病患者血清中GADA倾向于与谷氨酸脱羧酶(GAD)65 M段和C端结合,而与N端罕见结合。GAD65-CAb阳性的成人隐匿性自身免疫糖尿病患者其胰岛功能较差,而GAD65-NAb阳性者与2型糖尿病相似。对GADA表位的研究不仅能为临床提供更多的信息,而且对于阐明自身免疫糖尿病的发病机制有重要的意义。

There are many pancreatic autoantibodies in the bodies of autoimmune diabetes patients, among which glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody（GADA） is widely used as an indicator in the diagnosis and prediction of type 1 diabetes mellitus （T1DM） or latent autoimmune diabetes in adults （LADA）. The changes of the epitopes of GADA are associated with the occurrence and progression of autoimmune diabetes closely. In newly diagnosed T1DM patients, GAD65-MAb and GAD65-CAb are the majority conjunctions, and GAD65-NAb conjunctions are rare. The LADA patients with GAD65-CAb positive had worse beta-cell func- tion than those with GAD65-MAb or GAD65-NAb positive, who appeare more Mike with T1 DM patients. On the contrary,the LADA patients with GAD65-NAb positive are similar to T2DM patients, who have better beta-cell function than T1DM patients. The study of GADA epitopes can not only provide more information for clinical practice,but also help us to elucidate the pathogenesis of autoimmune diabetes.