护理干预预防重症产妇剖宫产术后下肢深静脉血栓形成的临床价值

Clinical significance of nursing interventions on preventing lower extremity deep venous thrombosis in women after cesarean

目的探讨护理干预对重症产妇剖宫产术后下肢深静脉血栓形成的预防作用。方法选择184例重症剖宫产术后患者为研究对象，随机分为2组，观察组（98例）术后启动血栓高危因素评价表，术后第一天开始每天行运动锻炼及下肢行空气压力循环治疗，2次／天，30min／次。对照组（86例）给予常规护理。术后第1天、第7天行彩色多普勒超声检查双下肢深静脉血流情况及每天测量大腿、小腿周径，比较两组患者下肢深静脉血栓的发生率及下肢肿胀发生率。结果下肢深静脉血栓对照组6例、观察组0例，两组比较差异有统计学意义（χ2=5．031，P〈0．05），观察组下肢肿胀发生率明显低于对照（χ2=8．528，P〈0．01）。结论护理干预对预防重症产妇剖宫产术后下肢深静脉血栓成有积极意义。

Objective To investigate the contribution of nursing interventions on preventing lower extremity deep venous thrombosis in women after cesarean. Methods 184 women after cesarean were chosen and randomly divided into two groups. After being evaluated by thrombosis risk factor table, pneumatic circulation treatment was performed on patients in observation group for at least 30 minutes, twice a day, who were also required to do more exercises since the day after surgery. The patients in control group just underwent conventional nursing. Blood flow of the lower extremity deep veins was evaluated by Doppler ultrasound for all of the patients on the first day and the seventh day after cesarean to compare the incidence of lower extremity deep vein thrombosis between two groups. Besides, the thigh and crus perimeters were measured everyday to compare the incidence of lower limb swelling between two groups. Results 6 patients in control group were diagnosed as lower extremity deep vein thrombus meanwhile the number in observation group was0. There was statistical significant difference between two groups （χ 2=5-031, P 〈 0.05）. Besides, the number of patients undergoing lower limb swelling in observation group was significantly lower than that in control group （χ 2=8.528, P 〈 0.01）. Conclusion Nursing intervention can effectively prevent thrombosis lower extremity deep venous thrombosis on women after cesarean.