基于沿迹差修正部分轨道参数的两步法定轨

An Orbit Determination Method by Correction of Orbit Parameters Based on Along-Track Errors

通过分析预报误差与轨道确定参数误差的关系,提出一种使用二次多项式对沿迹差随时间变化的函数进行拟合,并根据拟合结果修正半长轴、面质比参数误差的定轨方法。仿真计算表明:对于稀疏观测数据,该方法的处理结果优于常规的最小二乘轨道确定方法;对于高度在400km以上的低轨目标,根据该方法得到的定轨结果,预报5d的位置误差小于22km,与SGP4(Simplified General Perturbations Version 4,简化普适摄动4)/SDP4(Simplified Deep space Perturbations Version 4,简化深空摄动4)水平相当。该方法是一种适用于双屏电子篱笆稀疏观测数据的批量数据轨道确定方法。

An orbit determination method, which uses a quadratic equation to fit the function of variation of along- track errors with time and uses the fitting result to correct errors of semi-major axis and area-mass ratio, is proposed following analysis of the relationship between forecast errors and orbit determination errors. Simulation indicates that the result computed by the method is better than that computed by conventional least-square estimation methods for sparse observation data. For low earth orbit objects with an altitude of over 400 km, the position error of 5 d forecast is within 22 km with the method, which is commensurate with SGP4 （Simplified General Perturbations Version 4） /SDP4 （Simplified Deep space Perturbations Version 4） method. Therefore, the proposed method is ap- propriate for batch data orbit determination with sparse observation data of double-screen fence radars.