亚轨道飞行器试验运载火箭的射程控制

Range safety control of suborbital vehicle

运载火箭试验靶场就是用于火箭发射试验的专门场区,包括陆域、海域、空域等。靶场安全问题比较复杂、涉及范围广,火箭进入外层空间前不允许穿越外国领域或必须保证距国境线有一定的安全距离,其残骸落区不允许在外国领域。在我国,受到国土范围限制,又要实现洲际运载火箭全程飞行试验的要求,实际中通常采取"高弹道"、"低弹道"等特殊弹道的飞行试验来代替全程飞行试验的策略。通过对两类特殊亚轨道飞行器的飞行试验火箭的弹道特点描述,开展射程控制分析,研究基于我国国境进行亚轨道飞行试验的靶场安全控制方法。射程控制,对于低弹道可以采用控制俯仰程序角速度方法,而对于高弹道可以采用控制俯仰程序角方法。

The test range for launch vehicle is intended for certain launch missions, while land, sea area and airspace are all included. The safety issues of test range are complicated and involve many factors. Before rockets＇entry to the outer space, it is forbidden to cross foreign territory or the safety distance have to be guaranteed to the boundary. In addition, falling zones for the re-entry are prohibited from being in the foreign region. In China, with the restriction of territory and to meet the requirements of intercontinental rockets＇ full-range flight test, particular trajectory schemes are selected, such as ＂low trajectory＂, ＂high trajectory＂, to substitute full range flights. Based on the description of the features of those two trajectories, the range control for rocket flight test was analyzed, focusing on taking suborbital vehicles as payloads, including re-entry and penetration. Based upon suborbital flight inside China＇s territory, the manners for test range safety control are studied. For the low trajectory flight, controlling the angular velocity of the pitch program is a useful manner of range control. For the high trajectory flight, controlling the angle of the pitch program is a useful manner of range control.