八角、丹参和生姜抗氧化作用和维生素稳定性保护比较研究

The Study of Star Anise, Ginger Powder and Salvia miltiorrhiza on Antioxidant Status and Vitamin Stability

研究八角、丹参、生姜对饲料中脂肪和维生素稳定性的影响。选择食品和饲料工业使用最广泛的玉米粉和大豆粉为载体,每种载体中添加VA4500 IU/kg,维生素D3 1250 IU/kg,VE 12.5 IU/kg,维生素B1 0.90 mg/kg,维生素B2 3.0 mg/kg。每种载体原料均分为5个处理:对照组(CTR)不添加任何抗氧化剂;4个试验组分别添加八角粉10 g/kg;丹参粉10 g/kg;生姜粉10 g/kg;BHT 150 mg/kg。配制好的实验材料混合均匀,黑色铝箔袋真空密封包装,40°C恒温贮存,于第0 d和60 d,测定过氧化值(PV)、酸价(AV)、霉菌总数、水分和相应维生素含量,每个样本测定3个重复。研究结果表明:与对照组相比,添加10 g/kg八角粉、10 g/kg丹参粉、10 g/kg生姜粉和150mg/kg BHT并没有改善40°C真空避光密封60 d后玉米和大豆粉脂肪的PV和AV值,但提高了维生素A,D3、E和B1的测定值和存留率(P<0.01);添加10 g/kg丹参粉和10 g/kg生姜粉提高了两种原料中维生素B2的测定值和存留率(P<0.01),而10 g/kg八角粉和150 mg/kg BHT没有改变维生素B2的稳定性(P>0.05);对维生素的保护作用依次为:八角和丹参粉>BHT>生姜粉>对照(P<0.01);八角粉、丹参粉和生姜粉的添加均显著降低了两种原料的霉菌总数,并且添加八角粉数值最低(P<0.05),BHT可以减少大豆粉霉菌总数(P<0.05);八角、丹参、生姜和抗氧化剂不能改变避光、无氧、40°C高温条件下脂肪的氧化稳定性;八角粉、丹参粉、生姜粉可以用作维生素A、D、E、B1和B2的抗氧化保护添加剂,并且有抑制霉菌增长的作用。

The trial was conducted to investigate the effect of star anise, ginger powder and Salvia miltiorrhiza on stability of fat and vitamin. The vitamin A (4500 IU/kg), vitamin D3 (1250 IU/kg), vitamin E (12.5 IU/kg), vitamin B1 (0.90 mg/kg), vitamin B2 (3.0 mg/kg) were added to two carrier corn meal and soybean meal, respectively. Five treatments per carrier were:control diet without antioxidant and 4 test diets that were supplemented with star anise (10 g/kg), ginger powder (10 g/kg), Salvia miltiorrhiza (10 g/kg) and BHT (150 mg/kg), respectively. The peroxide vale (PV), acid value (AV), total fungal counts, moisture and vitamin content of diets were determined at day 0 and day 60 by sealed storage at 40°C. The results proved that all treatments had similar PV and AV at day 60 by sealed storage at 40°C. Supplementation of star anise, ginger powder, Salvia miltiorrhiza and BHT improved the content and retention rate of vitamin A, D3, E and B1 as compared with control (P<0.01). Supplementation of ginger powder and Salvia miltiorrhiza (10 g/kg) improved the measurements and retention rate of VB2 of two carriers (P<0.01). However, the content and retention rate of VB2 with supplementation of star anise and BHT were similar. The effect of protective vitamin in the order was star anise and Salvia miltiorrhiza>BHT>ginger powder>control (P<0.01). Supplementation of star anise, ginger powder and Salvia miltiorrhiza reduced (P<0.05) total count of mould in two carriers, and supplementation of star anise were the best (P<0.05). Supplementation of BHT reduced (P<0.05) total count of mould in soybean meal. Star anise, Salvia miltiorrhiza and ginger powder can be used as antioxidant protection additives of vitamin A, D, E, B1 and B2 and mould inhibitor.