苏尔士增强型地热系统的开发经验及对我国地热开发的启示

Development Experiences of the Soultz Enhanced Geothermal Systems and Inspirations for Geothermal Development of China

增强型地热系统是采用人工形成地热储层的方法,从低渗透性岩体中经济地采出相当数量深层热能的人工地热系统。法国苏尔士(Soultz)地热项目已有20多年开发研究历史,但前人尚未对开发过程中的关键问题进行深入探讨,对其成功经验也未进行系统总结归纳。本文通过回顾其发展历程,总结该项目在钻井、储层激发、水力循环测试和储层监测方面的成功经验,同时提炼出地热开发中遇到的储层建设和井下泵设备等方面的问题,并指出数值模拟在地热开发过程应用方面的启示。苏尔士地热项目开发吸取了其他早期地热田的经验和教训,成功地建造了商业规模的人工激发储层,产生了大量的科研成果和先进技术,对后续开发的地热项目有重要指导意义。

Enhanced geothermal systems （EGS） is artificial engineered reservoirs that is created to extract economicalamounts of heat from deep located hot dry rock of low permeability and/or porosity. The Soultz EGS project has beenexploited for 20 years and is still going on. But during this process neither critical issue about the project was intensivelyinvestigated, nor was the success of the project systematically summarized. This paper reviews the history of the project,and summarizes the successful experiences in drilling, reservoir stimulation, hydraulic test, and reservoir monitoring. Thereservoir construction and downhole pump problems faced in geothermal development are therefore extracted at the sametime. And then some enlightenments are gained from the application of numerical simulations on geothermal energyexploitation. The Soultz project learned lessons from other earlier geothermal fields, successfully created the artificialreservoir of business scale, and meanwhile produced a large number of scientific research achievements and advancedtechnologies. The Soultz geothermal project has great significance on guiding the later geothermal researches.