高速数控机床主轴用角接触球轴承接触特性研究

Investigation on Contact Characteristic of Angular Contact Ball Bearings for High- Speed NC Machine Tool Spindle

通过综合考虑轴承受力、润滑、转速和温升的作用，建立了高速轴承力学模型，并将其与经验公式的计算结果进行对比。结果表明，随着位置角和径向载荷的变化，陀螺力矩发生规律性变化，在180°位置角时钢球所受的接触力最大，陀螺力矩最小；不同位置角下钢球与内、外圈的摩擦因数在0．04～0．12之间变化，随着轴承载荷的增加，摩擦因数逐渐变大；随着转速的增大，考虑离心膨胀作用时的内、外圈接触角比不考虑时要小，而内、外圈接触载荷比不考虑时要大。

The mechanical model for high speed bearings is built by comprehensively considering the effect of bearing load,lubrication,rotational speed and temperature rise,then the value of empirical formular is compared with the mod-el.The gyroscopic torque changes regularly with angular position and radial load and the gyroscopic torque and the con-tact force of rolling elements will be the minimum and maximum at azimuth angle 180°respectively.The friction coeffi-cient between rolling elements and inner and outer rings range from 0.04~0.12 at different azimuth angle,which in-creases gradually with the increase of bearing load.With the increase of rotational speed,the inner and outer contact angles are less than those without considering the centrifugal expansion effect,while the contact loads are larger.