中国富强宪法的理念传承与文本表征

Idea Inheritance and Text Representation of Constitution to Prosperity of China

中国近代以来的立宪政治运动与富强的国家政治诉求关联密切。在学习和借鉴西方制度文明的过程中,从清末时期的"维新富强观"到民国时期的"共和富强观",都没有摆脱中国传统文化中"家国主义"的羁绊,这塑造了独具中国特色的宪法权力结构模式。中华人民共和国在成立后的一段时期,受国内外政治环境和政治理想主义的影响,走了一条"强国家主义"的道路。及至1978年改革开放以后,才转向政治现实主义,并在经济领域率先实现了从"强国家主义"向"弱国家主义"的转型,而这使得富强的含义及其在宪法中的地位都发生了根本性的变化,"富强"成为以"物质文明"为内涵的首要"国家任务目标"。

The constitutional movement that in modem times is closely related to the political demand of rich and strong objective of china.In the process of learning from westem system civilization, from the view of rich and strong nation by reformation in the late Qing dynasty to the view of rich and strong nation by republicanism in the period of the Republic of China, they were all more or less influenced by the theory of rich and strong nation by liberty and the theory of rich and strong nation by nationalism in capitalist countries.But in the end they could not get rid of the nationalism in Chinese traditional culture,and shaped the unique power structure and operating mechanism of constitution of China.After the foundation of the People＇s Republic of China,we once took the way of strong nationalism under the influence of political environment and political idealism both at home and abroad.When the reform and opening-up policy was carried out in 1978 ,we began to transit to political realism, and took the lead in transforming from the strong nationalism to weak nationalism in the economic field.This changed the meaning and the constitutional status of rich and strong objective fundamentally, and rich and strong objective, which connotates material civilization,becomes the primary national objective .