行政合理性原则与失当行政行为

Administrative Principle of Rationality and Maladministration

作为行政法基本原则的行政合理性原则是实质法治主义规范行政行为的新形式。它对行政行为的规范范围直接决定失当行政行为可能发生的领域和形式。不同的合理或者不合理标准直接影响失当行政行为的构成。违背行政合理性原则的失当行政行为因其不符合法律的要求,故并不属于合法行为。但因其又没有完全达到违法行政行为的构成要件,不能定性为违法行为。从严格法治主义出发,可以视失当行政行为为违法行为,只是这种被视为"违法行为"的不合法行为,与真正的违法行为相比,在法律责任的承担方面,因其违法程度不同而应有不同。

Administrative rational principle is one of the fundamental principles of administration law. Inappropriate Administrative Act is illegal because of the violation of Administrative Rational Principle. Different reasonable standard influences the scope of inappropriate administrative act. Inappropriate Administrative Act should be considered as illegal action in the name of the doctrine of strict rule of law. But its administrative illegal responsibility is different from illegal action.