刑法理论体系的开放发展——基于民意的建构性论证

Open Development of Criminal Law Theoretical System

在很多刑法学者看来,民意对于刑法论证的干预是一种不应当为司法审判所接受的非理性的、非法治的方式。学者为司法提供的是一个"政治不涉"的刑事理论体系,可这种结构的理论前提被证明是不可靠的,且不能处理社会实际问题,因此它无法阻挡因社会结构变化而形成的法律受众不断参与所导致的利益博弈。为保证民意有一个理性的和积极的发酵平台,司法机关应当放弃传统的"独白式"刑法解释规则,理论上应当考虑建构一种对话的、政治的刑法论证机制,以此实现刑法的合理性诉求。这种开放的论证机制对刑法理论体系将产生革命性影响。

In the opinion of many criminal lawyers, public opinion is irrational and could not be accepted during the process of judicial adjudication. Most scholars suggest a so-called ＂Politic-Free＂ theory system which is irrelevant to politic. However, given that the premise of this kind of theory system is unreliable, it can not block up the interest game resulted from the involvement of law embracers in hot issues in the changing society. In order to guarantee that there would be a rational and positive forum for public, judieial authorities should abandon traditional interpretation rules of criminal law and adopt a dialogic and political mechanism of argumentation of criminal law, thereby realizing the appeal of rationality. This kind of exoteric mechanism of legal argumentation will exert a revolutionary influence on criminal law theory.