雷竹林鞭根系统的研究与分析

Research and Analysis on Rhizome-Root System of Phyllostachys praecox cv.Prevernalis Forest

对崇阳县雷竹试验林的鞭根系统进行调查研究,结果表明：①竹鞭平均值为：段数5.95段/m2,鞭长度10.80 m/4m2,直径1.42 cm.在11.00～30.00 cm深土层中,竹鞭分布量达54.7％,2～4年竹鞭占67.31％.②健壮笋芽主要分布在第1～15节之间,占80.8％,出笋率占85.1％;第16节以上仅占19.2％,出笋率占14.9％.③岔鞭集中在第1～10节,占66.4％,第11节以上岔鞭较少,仅占33.6％.④竹鞭延长伸展方向以沿坡面向上类型较多,占总鞭数56.8％,向下延伸仅占16.7％.⑤立地条件、土层深度、土壤肥力和排水状况,对竹鞭粗度、笋芽、发笋率、成竹率、岔鞭量至关重要,呈正相关关系.⑥合理的立竹密度,关系到竹林地上和地下部分的群体结构、鲜笋产量.在立地条件较好情况下,以立竹密度900～1 000株/666.7m2的竹林,其经济效益和生态效益最好.

The rhizome-root system of Phyllostachys praecox cv. Prevernalis experimental forest was investigated and analyzed. The results showed that： ①the average value of rhizome was 5.95 segments per square, and the length of rhizome 10.8 m per four squares, and the diameter ofhizome 1.42 cm, and rhizome distribution rate was 54.7% in depth of 11 ;30 cm, and the rhizome from the second to forth year accounted for 67. S1% of rhizome;②The robust shoots weremainly distributed from the first to lSth bamboo joint, which accounted for 80.8%; and the shootingrate was 85.1%; The robust shoots above the 16th bamboo joint accounted for 19.2%, and the shooting rate was 14.9% ;③The bifurcated whip mainly concentrated from the first to 10th bamboo joint, which accounted for 66.4%; The bifurcated whip above the 11th bamboo joint was less, which only accounted for 33.6% ; ④The rhizome spread upward along the slope direction a counted for 56.8% of the total, and that downward only accounted for 16.7% ;⑤The site condition, soil depth, soil fertility and drainage condition were important for the rhizome diameter, bamboo shoot, shoot rate, survival rate and critical bifurcated whip, and they were positively correlated; ⑥The reasonable bamboo stand density affected the population structure of bamboo aboveground andunderground parts and the production of fresh bamboo shoot. Under the condition of good sites, if the standing bamboo density is 900 to 1 000 plants per 666.7 squares, the best economic and ecological benefits were archived.