成都市龙泉驿区8～16岁儿童膳食平衡指数评价

Evaluation of dietary balance index among children and adolescents aged 8-16 years old in Longquanyi District of Chengdu

目的了解成都市龙泉驿区8-16岁儿童青少年的膳食摄入情况,为有针对性地开展营养干预提供依据。方法采用分层整群抽样法,通过食物频率调查收集503名8-16岁儿童青少年过去1 a各类食物及饮水的摄入状况,参照《中国居民膳食指南》和《平衡膳食宝塔》对儿童青少年建议的摄入量,对调查对象的膳食状况进行中国膳食平衡指数（DBI-07）评分,评价膳食质量。结果儿童青少年负端分的中位数为23,有61.6%的人存在低度摄入不足。正端分的中位数为15,有56.1%的人存在中高度摄入过量。膳食质量距的中位数为40,有59%的人存在中度的膳食失衡,其中14-16岁的青少年膳食质量最差。结论儿童青少年普遍存在膳食结构不平衡问题,应增加蔬菜、豆类、水产品及水的摄入量,控制谷类、含糖饮料及零食的摄入量。

Objective To investigate dietary intake and diet quality index among children and adolescents 8-16 years old in Longquanyi District, Chengdu and to provide scientific basis for nutritional intervention. Methods A total of 503 children and adolescents aged 8-16 year old were investigated by using food frequency questionnaire to collect information on intakes and frequency of all kinds of food and drink during the past year. Chinese Dietary Balance Index Revision （ DBI-07 ） scores based on current Chinese Dietary Guidelines and Food Guide Pagoda for children and adolescents were used to evaluate diet quality. Results The median LBS, HBS and DQD were 23, 15 and 40, respectively. Approximately 61.6% children and adolescents in this study were in mild food intake deficit, 56.1% in moderate to severe food intake surplus, and 59% in moderate dietary imbalance. Besides, the dietary quality among adolescents aged 14-16 year old was the worst. Conclusion Nutritional problems are common among children and adolescents in Chengdu. Vegetables, soybeans, fish, shrimp and water should be increased while grain, sugary beverage and snacks should be decreased to improve dietary balance.