饵剂控制黑胸散白蚁群体的效果

Effects of bait for controlling Reticulitermes chinensis colonies

黑胸散白蚁Reticulitermes chinensis是危害名木古树的重要害虫，在其主要灭治药物——灭蚁灵饵剂被禁止使用的情况下，为了寻找效果良好的黑胸散白蚁防治饵剂，在江苏南京和安徽合肥的郊区林地内，对5．0 g·kg^-1氟铃脲杀白蚁饵剂、1．0 g·kg^-1氟啶脲杀白蚁浓饵剂、1．0 g·kg^-1杀铃脲饵剂和0．8 g·kg^-1氟虫胺杀白蚁饵片防治黑胸散白蚁的效果进行了研究。结果表明：在林地内黑胸散白蚁离巢活动的范围为0．15～2．10 m，1个巢群的个体数量为17 422～158 731头。5．0 g·kg^-1氟铃脲杀白蚁饵剂、1．0 g·kg^-1氟啶脲杀白蚁浓饵剂和1．0 g·kg^-1杀铃脲饵剂对黑胸散白蚁巢群具有100％的灭杀效果，将1个巢群全部消灭所需的饵剂数量分别为93．6，107．9和82．5 g，整个巢群个体全部死亡所需要的时间分别为152～305，152～365和244～305 d。0．8 g·kg^-1氟虫胺杀白蚁饵片只能杀灭部分黑胸散白蚁巢群，且将在近年内被淘汰。

Reticulitermes chinensis is a major pest to damage old standing trees. Mirex bait is the main chem- ical to control R. chinensis over the last several decades. However, mirex has been banned because of its nega- tive effects on the environment. In order to find suitable bait to control R. chinensis, the control effects of 5.0 g.kg^-1 hexaflumuron bait, 1.0 g.kg^-1chlorfluazuron bait, 1.0 g.kg^-1 triflumuron bait, and 0.8 g.kg^-1 sulfluramid bait against the R. chinensis colonies have been studied in the suburban woodlands Nanjing City of Jiangsu Province and Hefei City of Anhui Province. Results indicated that the foraging distance of R. chinensis was be- tween 0.15-2.10 m far from their nest in woodland. The number of R. chinensis in a colony was between 17 422-15 8731. The 5.0 g.kg^-1 hexaflumuron bait, 1.0 g.kg^-1 chlorfluazuron bait and 1.0 g.kg^-1 triflumuron bait could completely eliminate the colony of R. chinensis. The average weight of bait to eliminate a colony was 93.6 g for 5.0 g.kg^-1 hexaflumuron bait, 107.9 g for 1.0 g.kg^-1 chlorfluazuron bait and 82.5 g for 1.0 g.kg^-1 tri- flumuron bait. The time to eliminate an entire colony was 152-305 d for 5.0 g＇kg-＊ hexaflumuron bait, 152- 365 d for 1.0 g.kg^-1 chloffluazuron bait and 244-305 d for 1.0 g.kg^-1 triflumuron bait. The 0.8 g.kg^-1 sulflu- ramid bait could eliminate only parts of R. chinensis colonies, and would be banned in the coming years.[Ch, 1 tab. 16 ref. ]