黄帝陵古侧柏健康评价

Health of ancient Platycladus orientalis in the Mausoleum of the Yellow Emperor

以黄帝陵轩辕庙内19株千年古侧柏Platycladus orientalis为研究对象,在调查的基础上,结合专家意见,运用层次分析法(AHP,analytic hierarchy process)从树干、树冠及根系等3方面选取树干倾斜度、树皮完整程度、树干损伤程度、树干病虫害等13个评价指标,并用Delphi-AHP法确定各指标相对权重,建立古侧柏健康评价模型。且将黄帝陵古侧柏健康等级分为4级,旨在无损评估古侧柏健康状况,及时制定和调整保护与复壮方案。结果表明:19株古柏健康状况可分为健康、亚健康、不健康等3级,其中以亚健康状态为主。评分结果表征树势强弱,与实际调查情况一致;并分析得出顶梢枯死、病虫害、树干损伤、立地条件差、人为干扰等是影响古侧柏健康程度的主要原因。

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the health of ancient Platyclodus orientalis trees with non- destructive methods and to establish and adjust in a timely manner the relative protection and rejuvenation measures. Based on an open space survey and opinions of experts, health of the 19 ancient P. orientalis trees in the mausoleum of the Yellow Emperor was assessed. Thirteen evaluation indicators in terms of trunk, crown, and root, including stem gradient, bark integrity, trunk injury, and trunk pest were chosen using the Delphi- analytic hierarchy process （AHP） to determine relative indicator weights. Finally, a model for assessing ancient P. orientalis health was established and its health was divided into 4 grades. Results indicated 2 trees being healthy, 9 trees being sub-healthy, and 8 trees being unhealthy. The final scores symbolizing the health of the ancient trees were matched to the results of the open space survey with the main influences on tree health de- termined as dieback, pests and diseases, trunk injury, poor soil conditions, and interference, which can help to make the protection plan.[Ch, 6 tab. 13 ref.]