珍稀濒危植物德保苏铁迁地保护研究

Ex situ conservation of Cycas debaoensis:a rare and endangered plant

德保苏铁Cycas debaoensis为中国特有种,国家Ⅰ级重点保护野生植物。2002年由广西德保引种至桂林植物园。对德保苏铁繁殖特性、生长习性、适应性等进行了研究。结果表明:原产于南亚热带石灰岩土壤条件下的德保苏铁在中亚热带酸性土壤条件下生长良好、开花结实,抗寒性较强。在引种地,成龄植株萌叶期为5-7月,花期5-6月,果熟期11月中旬至下旬。德保苏铁茎干生长缓慢,株高平均增长1.90 cm·a-1,地径平均增长2.14 cm·a-1。德保苏铁种子具后熟休眠特性,种子储藏方式以常温湿砂储藏较好,种子萌发率为80﹪左右。

Cycas debaoensis, an endemic species in China, is classified as a first grade national, key protected wild plant and was introduced to the Botanical Garden from Debao, Guangxi in 2002. This paper reports the ex situ conservation of C. debaoensis in Guilin. In the study area, leaf sprouting of mature plants happened from May to July, flowering occurred from May to June, and fruit maturity was from the middle 10 days to the last 10 days of November. Stem growth was slow with plant height averaging an increase of 1.90 em a year, and ground-level diameter averaging an increased of 2.14 cm a year. Since C. debaoensis seed needed dormancy and could germinate after ripening, wet sand was the preferred storage method, having a seed germination rate of about 80%. Through several year＇s observation, C. debaoensis from calcareous soils in the southern subtrop- ical zone could grow well, bloom, bear fruit, and have strong cold resistance in acidic soils. Ex situ conserva- tion was successfully carried out in Guilin Botanical Garden.